The best replacement for thermal conductivity is specific heat.

The best alternatives to thermal conductivity are rated as following:
★★★★★  specific heat
★★★★★  electrical conductivity
★★★★  thermal resistance
★★★  thermal diffusivity
★★★  heat capacity
★★★  r value
★★  heat transfer coefficient
★★  thermal expansion
★★  specific heat capacity
★  conductance
★  diffusivity
★  thermal impedance
  u value
  r-value
  thermal conductance
  heat transfer
  k factor
  copper

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Speaking about thermal conductivity, one probably shouldn't forget about metals.

Other search terms related to thermal conductivity and their ratings are:
★★★★★ metals
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thermal conductivity
specific heat
electrical conductivity