The best replacement for correlation coefficient is coefficient of determination.

The best alternatives to correlation coefficient are rated as following:
★★★★★  coefficient of determination
★★★★  covariance
★★★★  r squared
★★★  regression
★★★  beta
★★  r-squared
★★  coefficient of variation
★  p value
★  cross correlation
★  regression coefficient
★  r2
  pearson r
  linear regression
  slope
  r square
  correlation of determination

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Speaking about correlation coefficient, one probably shouldn't forget about covariance.

Other search terms related to correlation coefficient and their ratings are:
★★★★★ covariance
★★ scatter plot
★ ti 83 plus
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correlation coefficient
coefficient of determination
covariance